Introduction
############

Pyduktape is a python wrapper around Duktape <http://duktape.org/>_,
an embeddable Javascript interpreter.

On top of the interpreter wrapper, pyduktape offers easy integration
between the Python and the Javascript environments. You can pass
Python objects to Javascript, call methods on them and access their
attributes. Similarly, you can pass Javascript objects to Python.

Objects are never copied or serialized. Instead, they are passed
between the two environments using proxy objects. Proxy objects
delegate the execution to the original object environment.

Threading
#########

It is possible to invoke Javascript code from multiple threads. Each
thread will need to use its own embedded interpreter. Javascript
objects returned to the Python environment will only be usable on the
same thread that created them. The runtime always checks this
condition automatically, and raises a DuktapeThreadError if it's
violated.

Getting Started
###############

Installation

To install from pypi::

$ pip install pyduktape2

To install the latest version from github::

$ pip install git+https://github.com/phith0n/pyduktape2

Running Javascript code

To run Javascript code, you need to create an execution context and
use the method eval_js::

import pyduktape2

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
context.eval_js("print(Duktape.version);")

Each execution context starts its own interpreter. Each context is
independent, and tied to the Python thread that created it. Memory is
automatically managed.

To evaluate external Javascript files, use eval_js_file::

// helloWorld.js
print('Hello, World!');

# in the Python interpreter
import pyduktape2

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
context.eval_js_file('helloWorld.js')

Pyduktape supports Javascript modules::

// js/helloWorld.js
exports.sayHello = function () {
    print('Hello, World!');
};

// js/main.js
var helloWorld = require('js/helloWorld');
helloWorld.sayHello();

# in the Python interpreter
import pyduktape2

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
context.eval_js_file('js/main')

The .js extension is automatically added if missing. Relative
paths are relative to the current working directory, but you can
change the base path using set_base_path::

# js/helloWorld.js
print('Hello, World!');

# in the Python interpreter
import pyduktape2

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
context.set_base_path('js')
context.eval_js_file('helloWorld')

Python and Javascript integration

You can use set_globals to set Javascript global variables::

import pyduktape2

def say_hello(to):
    print('Hello, {}!'.format(to))

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
context.set_globals(sayHello=say_hello, world='World')
context.eval_js("sayHello(world);")

You can use get_global to access Javascript global variables::

import pyduktape2

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
context.eval_js("var helloWorld = 'Hello, World!';")
print(context.get_global('helloWorld'))

eval_js returns the value of the last expression::

import pyduktape2

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
hello_world = context.eval_js("var helloWorld = 'Hello, World!'; helloWorld")
print(hello_world)

You can seamlessly use Python objects and functions within Javascript
code. There are some limitations, though: any Python callable can
only be used as a function, and other attributes cannot be
accessed. Primitive types (int, float, string, None) are converted to
equivalent Javascript primitives. The following code shows how to
interact with a Python object from Javascript::

import pyduktape2

class Hello(object):
    def __init__(self, what):
        self.what = what

    def say(self):
        print('Hello, {}!'.format(self.what))

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
context.set_globals(Hello=Hello)
context.eval_js("var helloWorld = Hello('World'); helloWorld.say();")

In the same way, you can use Javascript objects in Python. You can
use the special method new to instantiate an object::

import pyduktape2

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
Hello = context.eval_js("""
function Hello(what) {
    this.what = what;
}

Hello.prototype.say = function () {
    print('Hello, ' + this.what + '!');
};

Hello
""")

hello_world = Hello.new('World')
hello_world.say()

You can use Python lists and dicts from Javascript, and viceversa::

import pyduktape2

context = pyduktape2.DuktapeContext()
res = context.eval_js('[1, 2, 3]')

for item in res:
    print(item)

context.set_globals(lst=[4, 5, 6])
context.eval_js('for (var i = 0; i < lst.length; i++) { print(lst[i]); }')

res = context.eval_js('var x = {a: 1, b: 2}; x')
for key, val in res.items():
    print(key, '=', val)
res.c = 3
context.eval_js('print(x.c);')

context.set_globals(x=dict(a=1, b=2))
context.eval_js("""
var items = x.items();
for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
    print(items[i][0] + ' = ' + items[i][1]);
}
""")
context.set_globals(x=dict(a=1, b=2))
context.eval_js('for (var k in x) { print(k + " = " + x[k]); }')

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